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Between July and September, electric vehicle sales in the U.S. hit a record high. Americans bought more than 430,000 EVs, up 40% from the previous quarter, as they race to qualify for federal tax credits before they expire. That EV boom wasnt just limited to the U.S., though: Global EV sales hit an all-time high of 2.1 million in September. Two-thirds of those sales were in China, the worlds largest EV market. And yet, theres still talk of an EV retreat, both in the U.S. and abroad. Automakers have expressed concerns about their EV profits, and policymakers in Canada and the European Union are pausing, or adjusting, their EV mandates. Theres an inherent duality of the market moment were in, says Corey Cantor, research director of the Zero Emissions Transportation Association. On the one hand, EV sales are higher than they have ever been, and yet automakers still remain concerned. Heres why, and whats going on in the electric vehicle landscape. EV rush before tax credits expired EVs counted for nearly 11% of total vehicle sales in the U.S. between July and September. Thats a big increase from the same time period last year, when their share was 8.6%, according to Cox Automotive, which recently released data about the countrys third quarter EV sales. That jump wasnt a surpriseit was expected, experts say. Americans were rushing to buy EVs before the federal tax credits expired on September 30. The tax credits, part of President Bidens Inflation Reduction Act, offered up to $7,500 back for Americans who bought a new EV, if the cars they purchased met certain conditions. There was also a credit of up to $4,000 available for used EVs. President Trumps One Big Beautiful Bill Act eliminated those tax credits, killing what analysts say was a key catalyst for EV adoption. EVs are still seen as a premium purchase; in August, the average EV cost more than $57,000, according to Cox$9,000 more than a similar gas car. Concerns about future growth Not every automaker benefited from all those third quarter EV sales, either. Cox Automotive notes that Mercedes-Benz EV sales in that time period were mostly flat year-over-year, and Toyota and Nissan sold fewer EVs during that boom than they did in the third quarter of 2024. Despite the backlash Tesla has been dealing with throughout 2025, that carmaker actually saw an 8% sales increase year-over-year, but its share of total EV sales has fallen. Tesla once made up 49% of all EV sales in the third quarter of 2024, but its share this past quarter was 41%. Volkswagen, General Motors, Honda, and Hyundai had notable increases in their EV sales. Volkswagen and GMs sales were more than double the levels one year ago. But those automakers still have concerns. This week, GM said it was taking a $1.6 billion hit from changing its EV rollout in the U.S. It changed its rollout in part because of Trumps elimination of the tax credits, and his move to loosen emissions regulations. These policies make the future far less certain for automakers. Federal policies could tighten again in a couple of years or remain the same, Cantor says. The federal policy pathway is far less clear moving forward than it was a year ago. One thing experts do expect is that U.S. EV sales will slump after this quarter, because that surge to purchase before the tax credits expired pulled forward sales that would have been spread out over more time. Cox Automotive forecasts that EV sales will drop notably in Q4 and through the early months of 2026. EV struggles worldwide Changing U.S. policies arent only affecting the EV sales outlook here. Trumps tariffs are also adding costs for automakers in international markets, like Canada and across the European Union. The EU recently said it would review its 2035 target for cutting car emissions to zero. A policy note published before those talks highlighted challenges for the European car industry, including higher tariffs on shipments to the U.S., the Wall Street Journal reported, as well as low profit margins for EVs and the growth of cheaper Chinese offerings. China has been dominating the EV market, not just in its own country but worldwide, in part because it offers extremely affordable EVssome priced as low as $10,000. But that could make the market oversaturated. While Chinese EV sales are increasing, that growth is happening more and more at the expense of profitability, the Wall Street Journal notes; more than 110 EV brands operated there in 2023, and they likely wont all last. Hope for the future Even before Trumps policies, there was talk of an EV sales slump in 2024. Thats because while sales were increasing, the rate at which they were growing sloweda common issue for all new technologies as they vie for mainstream appeal. Early adopters drive that beginning growth, and then the industry has to figure out how to attract everyone else. Now, changing federal policies are making that next step even more difficult. But EV experts still have hope. We’d expect the impact of these policy changes to be most acute during the forthcoming year, Cantor says. Overall, the global move towards electric vehicles continues. The International Energy Agency said in May that it expects one in four cars sold worldwide this year to be electric. Cox Automotive says EV sales are the future, too. Cx Automotive continues to believe that over the long termthe next 10 years or moresales of vehicles powered solely by internal combustion engines will continue to decline, the company wrote in its Q3 EV sales report. Electrified vehicleshybrids, plug-in hybrids and pure EVsare the future. We might not get to that future as fast as EV advocates hoped, though. Biden set a goal for EVs to make up 50% of all vehicle sales by 2030. Cox now says EV sales can hit 25% by then. So growth will be slower, but certainly moving out of the niche category, Stephanie Valdez Streaty, director of industry insights at Cox, wrote in September. And though the future of U.S. federal policy is up in the air, experts still say innovations will advance to help the EV market. Continued innovation in battery technology, improved transparency in battery health and expanding infrastructure give reason for optimism, Valdez Streaty wrote. The road ahead wil be challenging, but progress will continue.
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E-Commerce
ChatGPT will be able to have kinkier conversations after OpenAI CEO Sam Altman announced the artificial intelligence company will soon allow its chatbot to engage in erotica for verified adults.” OpenAI won’t be the first to try to profit from sexualized AI. Sexual content was a top draw for AI tools almost as soon as the boom in AI-generated imagery and words erupted in 2022. But the companies that were early to embrace mature AI also encountered legal and societal minefields and harmful abuse as a growing number of people have turned to the technology for companionship or titillation. Will a sexier ChatGPT be different? After three years of largely banning mature content, Altman said Wednesday that his company is not the elected moral police of the world and ready to allow more user freedom for adults at the same time as it sets new limits for teens. In the same way that society differentiates other appropriate boundaries (R-rated movies, for example) we want to do a similar thing here, Altman wrote on social media platform X, whose owner, Elon Musk, has also introduced an animated AI character that flirts with paid subscribers. For now, unlike Musk’s Grok chatbot, paid subscriptions to ChatGPT are mostly pitched for professional use. But letting the chatbot become a friend or romantic partner could be another way for the world’s most valuable startup, which is losing more money than it makes, to turn a profit that could justify its $500 billion valuation. Theyre not really earning much through subscriptions so having erotic content will bring them quick money, said Zilan Qian, a fellow at Oxford University’s China Policy Lab who has studied the popularity of dating-based chatbots in the U.S. and China. There are already about 29 million active users of AI chatbots designed specifically for romantic or sexual bonding, and that’s not counting people who use conventional chatbots in that way, according to research published by Qian earlier this month. It also doesn’t include users of Character.AI, which is fighting a lawsuit that alleges a chatbot modeled after Game of Thrones character Daenerys Targaryen formed a sexually abusive relationship with a 14-year-old boy and pushed him to kill himself. OpenAI is facing a lawsuit from the family of a 16-year-old ChatGPT user who died by suicide in April. Qian said she worries about the toll on real-world relationships when mainstream chatbots, already prone to sycophancy, are primed for 24-hour availability serving sexually explicit content. “ChatGPT has voice chat versions. I would expect that in the future, if they were to go down this way voice, text, visual it’s all there,” she said. Humans who fall in love with human-like machines have long been a literary cautionary tale, from popular science fiction of the last century to the ancient Greek legend of Pygmalion, obsessed with a woman he sculpted from ivory. Creating such a machine would seem like an unusual detour for OpenAI, founded a decade ago as a nonprofit dedicated to safely building better-than-human AI. Altman said on a podcast in August that OpenAI has tried to resist the temptation to introduce products that could juice growth or revenue but be very misaligned with its long-term mission. Asked for a specific example, he gave one: Well, we havent put a sexbot avatar in ChatGPT yet. Idaho-based startup Civitai, a platform for AI-generated art, learned the hard way that making money off mature AI won’t be an easy path. When we launched the site, it was an intentional choice to allow mature content, said Justin Maier, the company’s co-founder and CEO, in an interview last year. Backed by the prominent venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz, which has also invested in OpenAI, the Idaho startup was one of several that tried to capitalize on the sudden popularity of tools like Stable Diffusion and Midjourney that enabled people to type a description and conjure up almost any kind of image. Part of Stable Diffusion’s initial popularity was the ease with which it could generate a new kind of synthetic and highly customized pornography. “What we had seen was that there was a lot of interest in mature content, Maier said. Training these AI systems, known as models, on mature themes actually made it so that these models were more capable of human anatomy and resulted in actually better models, he said. We didnt want to prevent the kind of growth that actually increased everything for the entire community, whether you were interested in mature content or Pixar, Maier said. So we allowed it early on and have always kind of had this battle of making it so that we can keep things filtered and safe, if thats not what youre interested in. We wanted to ultimately give the control to the user to decide what they would see on the site and what their experience would be. That also invited abuse. Civitai last year implemented new measures to detect and remove sexual images depicting children, but it remained a hub for AI-generated pornography, including fake images of celebrities. Confronting increasing pressure, including from credit card processors and a new law against nonconsensual images signed by President Donald Trump, Civitai earlier this year blocked users from creating deepfake images of real people. Engagement dropped. Another company that hasn’t shied away from mature content is Baltimore-based Nomi.ai, though its founder and CEO Alex Cardinell said its companion chatbots are strictly for users over 18 and were never marketed to kids. They are also not designed for sex, though Cardinell said in an interview earlier this year that people who build platonic relationships with their chatbot might find it veering into a romantic one. Its kind of very user-dependent for where theyre kind of missing the human gap in their life. And I think thats different for everyone, he said. He declined to guess how many Nomi users are having erotic conversations with the chatbot, comparing it to real-life partners who might do mature content things for some part of their lives but all sorts of other stuff together as well. Were not monitoring user conversations like that, Cardinell said. Altman’s announcement that erotica for adults could arrive on ChatPT in December came a day after California Gov. Gavin Newsom vetoed legislation that would have banned companies from making AI chatbots available to anyone under 18 years old if it was foreseeable that they would engage in erotic or sexually explicit interactions” with kids or encourage them to harm themselves. The tech industry lobbied heavily against the bill, which Newsom said was too broad, but OpenAI, Meta, and others introduced new age restrictions and parental controls for AI-teen interactions. Matt O’Brien, AP technology writer
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E-Commerce
Last night, New Yorkers and viewers across the country tuned in to watch the first general election debate for mayor of New York City. And as far as debates go, this one was charged, full of spats, and came with a direct and thoroughline of questioning that didn’t leave anything off the table. Within minutes, Democrats Andrew Cuomo (who is running as an independent) and Zohran Mamdani, and Republican nominee Curtis Sliwa, made clear that they came not just prepared to share their positions, but also to follow up, push back on criticisms or mistruths, and repeatedly fire well-rehearsed jabs at one another. The trio let viewers know just how different they arenot just as candidates, but also, as people. The tension was so high it prompted Sliwa to comment, “There’s a lot of testosterone in this room,” minutes into the debate. Here are some key takeaways from the event: Cuomo’s past is not forgottenand likely will never be Early on, Cuomo, who resigned as governor following an investigation into sexual misconduct allegations, had to answer tough questions about his record. As both Sliwa and Mamdani attacked the former governor about his handling of nursing homes during the COVID pandemic, and the sexual misconduct allegations, it felt clear that his past won’t soon be forgotten. But Cuomo wasn’t the only candidate who was pressed. Mamdani, a 33-year-old assemblyman, was asked hard-hitting questions that came with follow-up after follow-up on how he will fund his major proposals: making buses and childcare free and freezing rent. Mamdani talked about taxing the wealthiest one percent, while Sliwa called his ideas “fantasies” and Cuomo seemed to criticize him for wanting to lower the cost of living. The rent is still too damn high When candidates were asked how much they pay in rent, Cuomo and Mamdani gave starkly different answers. While Mamdani answered that his rent is $2,300 per month, Cuomo said he pays $7,800 and claimed that Mamdani “has a rent-stabilized apartment that a poor person should have.” Given that many New Yorkers are struggling to pay their rent, the comment felt out of step with what residents can actually afford. Gaza looms large in NYC Another issue that took up a solid chunk of the debate was the Israel-Hamas conflict. Mamdani was pressed over his pro-Palestine stance, which Cuomo said makes Jewish New Yorkers feel unsafe. Cuomo repeatedly brought up that Mamdani has failed to explicitly condemn Hamas and the phrase “globalize the intifada,” which Cuomo asserted means “kill all Jews.” Mamdani countered that “of course” he condemns the attacks by Hamas, and that in talking with Jewish New Yorkers on the campaign trail, he has learned that the phrase in question invokes fear; he noted that he will “discourage” the language, calling it “language that I do not use.” However, he pressed that, like many New Yorkers, he stands firmly against genocide and the occupation of Palestinian territories, which the International Court of Justice has said is illegal. He also stood up for Muslim New Yorkers, questioning why Cuomo has never been a leader for Muslims. “It took Andrew Cuomo being beaten by a Muslim to ever set foot in a mosque,” Mamdani said. A study in contrasts Overall, while Cuomo leaned into his experience, Mamdani pressed that if New Yorkers want more of the same, they should vote for Cuomo. What I dont have in experience, I make up for in integrity, Mamdani said to the former governor. What you dont have in integrity, you could never make up for in experience. As the two frontrunners sparred back and forth, Sliwa held his own. But at times, the Guardian Angels founderwho appeared at the debate without his trademark red beretfelt lost in the shuffle. This was especially true when he accidentally answered a question that wasn’t meant for him, and when he didn’t give a president’s name when asked to name his favorite modern president. He also couldn’t manage to say Zohran correctly. He repeatedly called his fellow candidates “the architect” (Cuomo) and “the apprentice” (Mamdani), in an apparent attempt to paint a picture of how he stands out from the both. But the candidates mostly seemed to ignore him. The final questions of the night focused on the candidate’s human side. When each were asked if they had ever purchased cannabis, Cuomo said no, Sliwa said he had for medical reasons, and Mamdani giggled as he openly answered that he had purchased cannabis from a legal dispensary. The moment is likely one that younger voters will find relatable (and memeable). There was no clear winner of the night, as what stood out the most was just how different Cuomo and Mamdani are. But, in terms of zingers, Mamdani had the best ones. The final jab of the night when they were all asked whether they’d go to a Knicks or Mets game if they were both happening at the same timeand Cuomo said “both.” Mamdani laughed as he said, “This is what New Yorkers are tired of. Just pick a team.” The candidates will have one more opportunity to make their positions clear at the next debate, which takes place next Wednesday, October 22, just three days before the start of early voting.
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E-Commerce
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