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2025-02-04 09:00:00| Fast Company

Water scarcity is often viewed as an issue for the arid American West, but the U.S. Northeasts experience in 2024 shows how severe droughts can occur in just about any part of the country. Cities in the Northeast experienced record-breaking drought conditions in the second half of 2024 after a hot, dry summer in many areas. Wildfires broke out in several states that rarely see them. By December, much of the region was experiencing moderate to severe drought. Residents in New York City and Boston were asked to reduce their water use, while Philadelphia faced risk to its water supply due to saltwater coming up the Delaware River. Before the drought, many people in the region werent prepared for water shortages or even paying much attention to their water use. As global temperatures rise, cities throughout the U.S. are more likely to experience hotter, drier conditions like this. Those conditions increase evaporation, drying out vegetation and soil and lowering groundwater tables. The Northeast drought was easing in much of the region in early 2025, but communities across the U.S. should take note of what happened. They can learn from the experiences of cities that have had to confront major water supply crises such as Cape Town, South Africa; So Paulo, Brazil; Melbourne, Australia; Las Vegas; and New Orleans and start planning now to avoid the worst impacts of future droughts. Lessons from cities that have seen the worst Our new analysis of these five cities experiences provides lessons on how to avoid a water supply crisis or minimize the effects through proactive policies and planning. Many cities have had to confront major water supply crises in recent years. Perhaps the most well-known example is Cape Towns Day Zero. After three years of persistent drought in the region, Cape Town officials in fall 2017 began a countdown to Day Zerothe point at which water supplies would likely run so low that water would be turned off in neighborhoods and residents would need to fetch a daily allocation of water at public distribution points. Initially it was forecast to occur in April 2018. Water rates were raised, and some households installed flow restrictors, which would automatically limit the amount of water that could be used. Public awareness and conservation efforts cut water consumption in half, allowing the city to push back its estimate for when Day Zero would arrive. And when the rains finally came in summer 2018, Day Zero was canceled. A second example is So Paulo, which similarly experienced a severe drought between 2013 and 2015. The citys reservoirs were reduced to just 5% of their capacity, and the water utility reduced the pressure in the water system to limit water use by residents. Water pricing adjustments were used to penalize high water users and reward water conservation, and a citywide campaign sought to increase awareness and encourage conservation. As in Cape Town, the crisis ended with heavy rains in 2016. Significant investments have since been made in upgrading the citys water distribution infrastructure, preventing leaks, and bringing water to the city from other river basins. Planning ahead can reduce the harm The experiences of Cape Town and So Pauloand the other cities in our studyshow how water supply crises can affect communities. When major changes are made to reduce water consumption, they can affect peoples daily lives and pocketbooks. Rapidly designed conservation efforts can have harmful effects on poor and vulnerable communities that may have fewer alternatives in the event of restrictions or shutoffs or lack the ability to pay higher prices for water, forcing tough choices for households between water and other necessities. Planning ahead allows for more thoughtful policy design. For example, Las Vegas has been grappling with drought conditions for the past two decades. During that time, the region implemented water-conservation policies that focus on incentivizing and even requiring reduced water consumption. Since 2023, the Las Vegas Valley Water District has implemented water rates that encourage conservation and can vary with the availability of water supplies during droughts. In its first year alone, the policy saved 3 billion gallons of water and generated $31 million in fees that can be used by programs to detect and repair leaks, among other conservation efforts. A state law now requires businesses and homeowner associations in the Las Vegas Valley to remove their decorative grass by the end of 2026. Since 2002, per capita water use in Las Vegas has dropped by an impressive 58%. Solutions and strategies for the future Most of the cities we studied incorporated a variety of approaches to building water security and drought-proofing their communityfrom publishing real-time dashboards showing water use and availability in Cape Town to investing in desalination in Melbourne. But we found the most important changes came from community members committing to and supporting efforts to conserve water and invest in water security, such as reducing lawn watering. There are also longer-term actions that can help drought-proof a community, such as fixing or replacing water- and energy-intensive fixtures and structures. This includes upgrading home appliances, such s showers, dishwashers and toilets, to be more water efficient and investing in native and drought-tolerant landscaping. Prioritizing green infrastructure, such as retention ponds and bioswales, that help absorb rain when it does fall and investing in water recycling can also diversify water supplies. Taking these steps now, ahead of the next drought, can prepare cities and lessen the pain. Sara Hughes is an adjunct professor of environment and sustainability at the University of Michigan. Michael Wilson is a professor of policy analysis at Pardee RAND Graduate School. This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.


Category: E-Commerce

 

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2025-02-04 08:46:00| Fast Company

My mom used to always say, If you want something done, give it to a busy person. She was a very busy person who seemed to have endless energy and a knack for outperforming others in her real estate firm. While the origin of the quote isnt clear, the idea is that someone who juggles several projects effectively probably has systems in place for prioritization and efficiency. This makes sense. But there is a point when said busy person hits overload. Tossing them one more ball could cause the person to drop all of them.  About two-thirds of workers feel empowered to decline extra work, according to a recent report from résumé builder Resume Now, yet 59% feel frequent burnout. Gen Z is the hardest hit, reporting the highest levels of stress as well as difficulty managing their workloads. A recent study from the résumé-building service LiveCareer found that 77% of employees are asked to take on extra work each week, 56% reluctantly agree due to pressure from managers or leadership, and 8% admit they dont even know how to say no. Why Is Extra Work Hard to Decline? Extra work can be hard to define, which is why its challenging to say no, according to Keith Spencer, Resume Nows career expert. Its essentially work that is outside the normal scope of your role, he says. Some people are perfectly okay with taking on extra work, because it can allow you to try new things and learn new skills and work with different people. Gaining that new experience can be beneficial. People often say yes because theyve developed a pattern of wanting to help others, says Jenn Gunsaullus, a sociologist and relationship expert. Many folks grew up believing that their main value is in giving and giving, she says. There are many positive things in that, but others can take advantage of it in the workplace.  Shira Gill, author of LifeStyled: Your Guide to a More Organized & Intentional Life, agrees. Most of us are wired as people pleasers, and we don’t want to disappoint, she says. We also want to represent ourselves as somebody who’s capable of doing all of the things and rising to the occasion. People sometimes confuse saying no with failure, disappointment, and not rising to the occasion. Its typically the opposite. Get to the Root of Your ‘Yes Reflex’ To start saying no to extra work, you need to get clear on why youve been saying yes. Gunsaullus suggests asking yourself a series of questions, such as, What stories am I telling myself about why I need to say yes? Who am I by saying yes? Theres an underlying narrative that’s been trained into your brain throughout your lifetime, but its not necessarily factual, Gunsaullus explains. We need to pause and reflect on the story and where it came from, then do a little personal growth and work around those patterns. Gunsaullus says its important to get clear on the emotions you have attached to this narrative. Ask yourself, What emotions am I feeling? Am I scared? Am I anxious? Do I have shame, fear of disappointment or disappointing others? Next, Gunsaullus suggests trying to pinpoint your physical response. A question like Where do I feel a reaction inside of me? shifts an abstract feeling to tangible sensations you can address. Can you take some deep breaths? Can you pat yourself on the back for reflecting on this and bringing kindness to yourself? That’s a way of breaking the pattern in the moment by orienting to the sensations you’re feeling inside you, Gunsaullus says.  Finally, Gunsaullus says you can start to regain your personal power by determining how you want to respond differently in the future. How can you respond in a way that you feel proud of yourself? Gunsaullus asks. How can you be strategic and productive for your big picture goals of workplace advancement? Saying No Resume Nows report found that 42% feel relieved after declining extra work, which means that 58% don’t. [Saying no] can make people feel guilty, says Spencer. Maybe you really respect your manager and now they have to take it on. Or you want to be a team player, and youre concerned about the perceptions people have of you. It comes down to finding that balance, setting some boundaries, and advocating for yourself to protect your mental well-being. If you’re noticing the early warning signs of burnout, such as chronic fatigue or feeling irritable or detached at work, have a conversation with your manager as soon as you can. You don’t want to sacrifice or jeopardize the quality of your work just to be able to deliver a larger quantity of work, Spencer says.  Setting clear boundaries starts with defining the most important outcomes and the amount of time, energy, and output you need to accomplish those, says Gill, who says, Look at your time critically to assess if there is time and energy left for other smaller or less-meaningful tasks. We all have a slightly different capacity. Gill also suggests asking your boss for help reprioritizing your workload by saying something like My understanding was that this was the No. 1 priority. If I take on this new task or responsibility, I fear that it will stall or prevent this outcome from happening. Gill adds, Give the boss the onus of deciding by outlining very specifically what will happen if you take on this new task. Work does need to get done, so Gunsaullus recommends these three considerations. First, are these types of tasks being spread around? she says. Is there equality around it? Second, are you overwhelmed with your workload? Are you already having trouble keeping up with what you’re doing? And third, is there anything in what you’re being asked to do that would be beneficial to your career advancement?  She notes, Be strategic. Its saying, I’ve done this the last three times and it’s taken me away from my workload and what I’m committed to doing here. Be very clear, factual, and logical. The Risk of Not Saying No If you seem o be the go-to person for extra work, especially tasks that wont further your career, its important to start to decline assignments.  Folks [who consistently say yes] are some of the most loving, giving people, but they can get taken advantage of in the workplace and become resentful, says Gunsaullus. Other people seem to not respect them as much, because they always say yes. They get pigeonholed as the person who always does these things. Saying no is like building a muscle, Gunsaullus says, explaining, Its gaining comfort with discomfort in emotional, mental, social contexts, where we’re feeling triggered in some way and we have patterns, and then we have discomfort around trying something new. The more we train our brains and our neural networks to be able to be more comfortable with discomfort, the easier it becomes. The discomfort might never go away completely, but it’s not as overwhelming. Gill says creating a not-to-do list and a personal mission statement can help you stay on track. Put them on a Post-it note or index card near your computer or workspace. People often make long to-do lists, but they don’t make outcome or results lists. Instead of mindlessly doing all of these things, focus on achieving and finishing whats important, she says. When we take on too much, we end up failing at everything. 


Category: E-Commerce

 

2025-02-04 05:30:00| Fast Company

Search today sure ain’t what it used to be. On the one hand, you’ve got the escalating sense that Google’s once-reliable results are stuck in a downward spiral. It’s a perception we’ve been seeing take shape for some time now, even before Google Search started pushing accuracy-challenged AI answers into its search engine and steering people away from first-party sources. On the other hand, you’ve got AI-powered info engines ranging from ChatGPT and Perplexity to Google’s own Gemini chatbot now browsing the web for you and offering up immediate (if occasionally also inaccurate) answers. For the first time, that’s raising pressing questions about the long-term fate of the conventional search experienceall while Google and other providers struggle to keep junky AI-generated info from clouding their results. It’s a rare moment when something that’s long felt like an unshakable part of our lives suddenly seems vulnerable, and the way we seek out info online is open to reassessment. Amid all of that, Kagia company with a minuscule fraction of Google’s resourcessees an opportunity to convince people to stop turning to Google for search, quit leaning on inconsistent AI answers for important information, and start seeking out a smarter way to find what they need without all the cascading compromises. Kagis founder insists it isn’t a “Google killer”and, quite critically, it was never meant to be. But two arenas’ worth of early adopters see it differently, including plenty of Redditors, Hacker News commenters, and even Apple oracle John Gruber, who recently declared Kagi “the best search engine in the world.” And the more you hear about this utopian vision for what the web could be, the easier it is to understand the enthusiasm. Red pill moment Vladimir Prelovac started sensing a shift in the online search arena as far back as 2018, long before the name ChatGPT had entered the common vernacular or most people thought Google might be in any way vulnerable to a serious search competitor. Prelovac had just sold his former company, a WordPress management platform called ManageWP, to GoDaddy and was raring for a fresh challenge. While the exact price of the acquisition was never made public, Prelovac had enough cash in his coffers to bootstrap a new startup, without any outside funding, and he knew exactly what problem he wanted to pursue. “I had my red pill moment,” Prelovac says, referring to the scene in The Matrix when Keanu Reeves’s character takes a red pill, unplugs from the simulation he’s been living in, and sees the world as it actually exists for the first time. “I realized Google is basically insulting my intelligence, and the [Google Search] product wasn’t being built for me. It was pretty eye-opening. (Kagi did eventually raise a small round of $670,000 in 2023 and then a second round of $1.9 million in 2024.) Prelovac says he increasingly saw signs that Google’s actual customers were the businesses paying to advertise on its search result pagesnot the people looking to those same pages for information. He grew disillusioned with what he describes as a deteriorating experience and a lack of exceptional alternatives. So he decided to do something about it. “I thought it was ridiculous that we didn’t have a product that’s actually serving the users, not the advertisers,” he says. “I quickly realized the only way to [fix that] is to create a paid subscription-based service, because that’s the only business model that would align incentives.” Prelovac set out to prove his theory. Within about a year, he had an early prototype of a new service called Kagia Japanese word that rhymes with “froggy” and means key, suggesting the way Prelovac hoped to unlock a friendlier, more user-centric web model. Now, seven years later, Kagi boasts 38,000 paying subscribers, a figure that continues to grow, with rates running from $5 to $25 per month. (Most people should probably pick the middle-of-the-road $10 “Professional” plan, which allows unlimited searches and access to some of the simpler AI features.) Those figures pale in comparison to the throngs of people who visit Google each day and the billions of dollars Google makes from its search product, of course. But in Prelovac’s mind, that’s precisely the pointand the key to Kagi’s future. Unlocking a smarter search journey The best way to describe Kagi is as a less cluttered, more capable, and more customizable version of what we’re all used to seeing from Google Searchonly without the ads, the shopping results, and other assorted distractions. Kagi sports a refreshingly clutter-free and customizable interface. You also won’t find artificial intelligene “answers” forced in your face above regular web results, though you can get to Kagi’s own version of the chatbot concept if you like. (More on that and how it differs from the typical AI chatbot experience in a moment.) Primarily, Kagi is about taking you to the first-party web info related to whatever you’re seeking and making that experience as effective, premium-feeling, and pleasant as possible. It really is a refreshing change, too, once you get past the inevitable initial adjustment and the occasional muscle-memory-jarring momentone that opens your eyes to the type of web experience that almost feels more aspirational than realistic in this day and age. And yet, here it is. “If the user is paying you as a search product company, then you’re incentivized to make search better and better,” Prelovac reasons. “Otherwise, they walk away with their wallet.” To that end, in addition to the lack of ads and sponsored elements within its results, Kagi empowers you to do things like block specific websites from your results, increase the weight of sites you like in results, and customize nearly everything about the interfaceranging from which widgets and types of results show up to all sorts of settings around the site’s appearance and behavior. Kagi continuously works to remind you that it’s your search experience, and you should be in control. It’s a lovely upgrade from the effort-requiring work-arounds we’ve all grown accustomed to pursuing for any manner of meaningful customization or unreliable-AI-answer avoiding in the standard search arena, and it’s something you really resent losing when you go back to Google or any other more conventional search service. You can customize practically everything about the way Kagi looks and functions. Kagi even allows you to create your own custom “lenses,” which are search filters that show you results only from specific sets of websites, making it easy to limit a search to something like academic sites, forums, or your own personal domains on demand and with virtually no ongoing effort. Kagis lenses are an interesting way to limit certain searches to specific sorts of sites. And all of that is still just scratching the surface of how Kagi works to reshape search, both inside and out. A revamped window to the web Even if you don’t customize a thing or exert much energy thinking about the interface, you’ll notice some significant differences in what Kagi’s like to use compared to the status quo. The service combines its custom web index with search results from “almost every other search engine in the world,” as Prelovac describes itwhich, rather ironically, suggests you’re actually seeing at least some Google results within Kagi. But Kagi puts all of that data through its own special blender before serving it up to youand, as you’d imagine, it includes assurances that your search data will never be saved or used for any manner of advertising. The aim is to create the perfect mix of high-quality results that actually answer what you’re after without making you want to gouge your eyes out.  “We push down sites that have a lot of ads and trackers, because that usually correlates with low-quality content, and we push up results that have very little ads or no ads and tracking on them, which usually correlates with high-quality content and somebody writing because it’s their passion,” Prelovac says. Kagi’s index also brings in an added emphasis on what Prelovac calls the “noncommercial” or “small” webpersonal blogs, discussions, and other off-the-beaten-path sites that tend to get buried in results from Google as well as the newer breed of large language model chatbots. This atypical approach is apparent with practically every search you perform within Kagi. If I search for “best usb-c to 3.5mm adapter,” for instance, Google gives me a screen that’s heavy on ads and other sales-oriented offerings. Kagi, in contrast, focuses on Reddit threads and recommendations from lots of lesser-known sites that would never show up in a standard search setup. Googles results, left, compared to Kagis If I enter a more specific, black-and-white questionlike “Is the Galaxy S25 worth buying?Google gives me a bunch of YouTube videos followed by related queries, a block of news stories, and then a single Reddit thread and some more YouTube videos. Kagi serves up a simple summary of different opinions, with clear citations alongside each point, followed by articles at a variety of sites both big and small that seek to answer the inquiry. Kagi also offers a one-click “Quick Answer” option to get a summary of all the top results for any inquiry on the spot. Plus, within each individual result, it provides a handy “Summarize page” command that shows you the high points of any page’s contents right there, no extra clicks or browser tabs required. By and large, though, Kagi really does make its AI elements easy to avoid. The options are available if you want emsome tucked away into the service̻s $25-per-month “Ultimate” subscription. That plan gives you access to Kagi’s Gemini- and ChatGPT-like Assistant chatbot, which combines large language models from OpenAI, Google, Anthropic, Meta, and other organizations together with Kagi’s own web results. The system keeps all of your data private and lets you see info from any of those sources with Kagi’s custom filtering in place, which Prelovac hopes will lead to more refined results than what you’d get directly from any of the associated chatbots. “AI is limited by what you feed into it,” Prelovac explains. “It all goes back to incentives.” The big question, then, is how many people are willing to cough up the cash to enjoy these enhancements. The search for sustainability Prelovac says Kagi is already profitable, achieving a level of success never experienced by the higher-profile Neeva, a paid search service launched by former Google executives in 2021 and shut down roughly two years later. In Prelovac’s view, the key differences between Neeva and his creation are the motivation and the metric for success. Neeva raised $77.5 million in funding, with investments from venture-capital bigwigs like Greylock and Sequoia. So despite amassing a pool of 2 million paying usersa number that dwarfs Kagi’s current base of paying membersit never managed to make enough money to be seen as sustainable. “It’s funny that for them, it’s a failure[and] for us, it’s a success,” Prelovac says. On that note, Prelovac deliberately doesn’t think of his service as attempting to be a “Google killer,” as I alluded to earlier. In his eyes, Kagi and Google don’t share the same customers, so there’s no way they could be competing with each other directlydespite the fact that they serve similar surface-level purposes. “Google’s customers are the advertisers. Ours are the users,” he says. “The source of money for Google and source of money for us comes from totally different market segments.” Kagi is also working to set itself apart by developing its own WebKit-based browser, Orion, which includes a smattering of privacy-minded additions while putting the Kagi search service front and center. It’s available only for macOS and iOS at the moment, which means I wasn’t able to use it, personally, as I’m more of a Windows and Android kind of guy. But Prelovac says it’ll make its way to other platforms eventually.Without Orion in the mix, getting other browsers to rely on Kagi for their native search functions can be a bit of an adventure. Kagi offers an extension that handles the setup for you, and if you’re using Safari, that’s the only choice you’ve got. With Chromium-based browsers and also Firefox, you can instead just make a few reasonably easy adjustments in your browser’s settings to accomplish the same feat.The same applies for most mobile browsersagain with the exception of Safari, which requires the use of the Kagi extensionor you can just download the native Kagi Android and iOS apps and start your searches there. The real challenge, then, is continuing to convince people to deal with those hurdles while also paying for something they’ve so long seen as a freebie. “We are going against one of the most entrenched habits in societythat search is somehow God-given and free, almost like a rightwhere in reality, it’s just a service provided by one of the wealthiest tech companies in the world,” Prelovac says. One stat he finds encouraging is that once people get in the door at Kagi, they tend to stick around at unusually high numbers. All Kagi subscriptions start with a 100-search free trial, and Prelovac says about 20% of people who start a trial continue on to a paid plan from there. Even just in the few weeks that I’ve been watching the service closely, I’ve seen its self-reported stats of paying members climb by around 1,000 peoplewhich is somewhere in the ballpark of 3% growth, at this scale. (Kagi has also grown internally, with 40 employees as of the start of 2025, up from 25 when Fast Company wrote about the company just over a year ago.) Still, convincing people to pony up $5 to $25 per month for something they’ve been trained to expect at no cost is a constant mountain to climb. “It’s easy to compete with cheap and bad [by offering] high-quality and expensive,” Prelovac says. “But there are very little analogies in the past where a company has tried to compete with free.” The real saving grace may be Kagi’s goal, which is less about stealing a significant share of Google’s users and more about simply finding enough interest to make itself sustainable long into the future. Speaking of that long-term view, Kagi’s next ambitions include releasing a stand-alone version of its Assistant AI chatbot later this year, launching more native apps across all desktop and mobile platforms after that, and eventually building up an entire integrated portfolio of cross-platform products that equip people to say so long to Big Tech in all sorts of areas beyond just search. But for now, it’s one day and one won-over user at a time. And as for the question of if and when a mass of internet citizens might join the movement and decide search is something worth paying forfor the moment, at least, that’s a question even Kagi can’t answer. Discover all sorts of off-the-beaten-path productivity treasures with my free Cool Tools newslettera single new inspiring discovery in your inbox every Wednesday!


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