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Walk through almost any manufacturing plant today, whether the frontline professionals crushing oilseeds, processing corn, or producing ingredients, and youll notice something subtle but important. The tools that help turn agricultural crops into products that feed and fuel the world are getting smarter, more precise, and more capable. Most conversations about the bioeconomy focus on what farmers grow or what consumers buy. But the real transformation is happening in the middle, in the molecular steps that quietly make modern, low-carbon manufacturing possible. Catalysts and enzymes, the biological and chemical tools that convert agricultural inputs into usable materials, are becoming one of the most powerful and least visible forces in this shift. Their applications are multiplying, and the science behind them is moving faster than many leaders recognize. Catalytic systems arent new. Whats changing is their sophistication and the range of industries they can now serve. Advances in enzyme engineering, cleaner processing, and biomanufacturing design are giving companies more precise and adaptable ways to convert plant-based feedstocks. Steps that once relied on heat, pressure, or petrochemical ingredients can now be carried out through approaches that are more targeted and far less energy intensive. For manufacturers working to lower their carbon footprints, these systems are starting to function as foundational infrastructure rather than optional enhancements. THE NEW POWER OF CATALYTIC SYSTEMS The clearest evidence of this shift is in how plant-based inputs move through processing today. Instead of relying on heavy mechanical treatments, more producers are using smarter ways to break down natural materials. Enzyme-assisted milling and gentler separation methods improve efficiency and help capture more value from every bushel. In biofuels, for example, advances in ethanol yeast are combining multiple steps that were once handled separately. More advanced yeast strains can both produce ethanol and generate the enzymes needed to break down sugars, significantly reducing the need for separate enzyme production. That integration lowers energy use, simplifies operations, and improves overall efficiency, while still relying on familiar agricultural inputs. Catalysis itself hasnt changed, but its effectiveness has. New enzyme blends are more consistent and adaptable, which means they keep working even when crop conditions fluctuate. Some research teams are developing combinations that adjust as they work, providing a real-time, responsive approach that brings biological tools and process engineering closer together. The result is a set of processes that can react to natural variability instead of being constrained by it. Increasingly, digital tools are accelerating this progress. Advances in artificial intelligence are helping teams model catalytic behavior, predict performance, and make better design decisions before systems ever reach a plant floor. AI-driven modeling supports faster discovery, more efficient catalyst design, and better operational control, allowing manufacturers to optimize processes in ways that were not possible even a few years ago. Chemical pathways are evolving as well. A familiar byproduct from biodiesel production, such as glycerin, can be converted into glycols used in cleaning and personal care products when processed through the right catalytic route. These improvements may seem modest, yet they open new uses for materials that once had limited outlets and show how far catalytic capabilities have come. APPLICATIONS ARE EXPANDING The impact is visible across a wide range of industries. In packaging, innovations in starch chemistry are enabling biodegradable materials that begin to match conventional plastics on performance. Starch nanofibers and nanocrystals, which offer strength and strong barrier properties, are being explored for packaging and early-stage 3D-printing applications. In home and personal care, catalytic processes support the production of plant-based surfactants, solvents, and functional ingredients. These pathways align with rising consumer expectations for renewable materials and reflect a shift already underway in categories like body wash, laundry care, and household cleaners, where plant-based glycols and citric formulations are gaining adoption. Industrial sectors are experimenting, too. Companies are evaluating agricultural inputs as alternatives for construction materials, drilling fluids, and hydraulic systems, areas that have historically relied on fossil-based components. Each example reflects the same dynamic: Catalytic systems are opening doors that were closed only a few years ago. These advances also have implications upstream. As catalytic systems unlock new uses for plant-based materials, they expand the range of agricultural inputs that can flow into manufacturing. Greater feedstock flexibility allows companies to use not only traditional crops but also fibers, residues, and byproducts that once struggled to find markets. Over time, that diversification strengthens the resilience of the agricultural supply base. WHAT INNOVATION LEADERS SHOULD TAKE FROM THIS MOMENT For corporate leaders in food, beverage, and agriculture, catalytic systems deserve closer attention. They are a meaningful lever for lowering emissions and expanding the role of plant-based materials in manufacturing. Three implications stand out: 1. Catalytic systems influence which materials companies can bring to market.Better catalysts open pathways to new categories of plant-based ingredients and polymers. 2. Scaling requires more than scientific breakthroughs.Success depends on integrating these systems into real operations, ensuring stable feedstocks and coordinating across technical disciplines. 3. The private sector sets the pace.Continued investment in catalytic innovation, both biological and chemical, including digital tools that accelerate discovery and improve performance, is essential to capturing the potential of low-carbon biomanufacturing. A new manufacturing model is taking shape. Catalytic systems are turning crops into cleaner fuels, fibers, ingredients, and chemicals, and doing it with far greater efficiency than the processes they are replacing. The work ahead is real, but so is the opportunity. Progress is coming from teams across science, engineering, and agriculture who are finding better ways to make use of what nature provides. Quiet tools, big impact. And if we keep investing in these molecular systems, they will help build the next generation of low-carbon production, harvest by harvest and molecule by molecule. Chris Cuddy is senior vice president and global president of the Carbohydrate Solutions unit at ADM.
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E-Commerce
Facebook parent Meta has reached nuclear power deals with three companies as it continues to look for electricity sources for its artificial intelligence data centers.Meta struck agreements with TerraPower, Oklo and Vistra for nuclear power for its Prometheus AI data center that is being built in New Albany, Ohio. Meta announced Prometheus, which will be a 1-gigawatt cluster spanning across multiple data center buildings, in July. It’s anticipated to come online this year.Financial terms of the deals with TerraPower, Oklo and Vistra were not disclosed.The Mark Zuckerberg-led Meta said in a statement on Friday that the three deals will support up to 6.6 gigawatts of new and existing clean energy by 2035.“These projects add reliable and firm power to the grid, reinforce America’s nuclear supply chain, and support new and existing jobs to build and operate American power plants,” the company said.Meta said its agreement with TerraPower will provide funding that supports the development of two new Natrium units capable of generating up to 690 megawatts of firm power with delivery as early as 2032. The deal also provides Meta with rights for energy from up to six other Natrium units capable of producing 2.1 gigawatts and targeted for delivery by 2035.Meta will also buy more than 2.1 gigawatts of energy from two operating Vistra nuclear power plants in Ohio, in addition to the energy from expansions at the two Ohio plants and a third Vistra plant in Pennsylvania.The deal with Oklo, which counts OpenAI’s Sam Altman as one of its largest investors, will help to develop a 1.2 gigawatt power campus in Pike County, Ohio to support Meta’s data centers in the region.The nuclear power agreements come after Meta announced in June that it reached a 20-year deal with Constellation Energy. Michelle Chapman, AP Business Writer
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E-Commerce
In a remarkable rebuke of Republican leadership, the House passed legislation Thursday that would extend expired health care subsidies for those who get coverage through the Affordable Care Act as 17 renegade GOP lawmakers joined every Democrat in support.The tally, 230-196, signified growing political concern over Americans’ health care costs. Forcing the issue to a vote came about after a handful of Republicans signed on to a so-called “discharge petition” to unlock debate, bypassing objections from House Speaker Mike Johnson. The bill now goes to the Senate, where pressure is building for a bipartisan compromise.Together, the rare political coalitions are rushing to resolve the standoff over the enhanced tax credits that were put in place during the COVID-19 crisis but expired late last year after no agreement was reached during the government shutdown.“The affordability crisis is not a ‘hoax,’ it is very real despite what Donald Trump has had to say,” said House Democratic Leader Hakeem Jeffries, invoking the president’s remarks.“Democrats made clear before the government was shut down that we were in this affordability fight until we win this affordability fight,” he said. “Today we have an opportunity to take a meaningful step forward.”Ahead of voting, the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office estimated that the bill, which would provide a three-year extension of the subsidy, would increase the nation’s deficit by about $80.6 billion over the decade. At the same time, it would increase the number of people with health insurance by 100,000 this year, 3 million in 2027, 4 million in 2028 and 1.1 million in 2029, the CBO said. Growing support for extending ACA subsidies Johnson, R-La., worked for months to prevent this situation. His office argued Thursday that the federal health care funding from the COVID-19 era is rife with fraud and urged a no vote.On the floor, Republicans also argued that the lawmakers should be focused on lowering health insurance costs for the broader population, not just those enrolled in ACA plans.“Only 7% of the population relies on Obamacare marketplace plans. This chamber should be about helping 100% of Americans,” said Rep. Jason Smith, the Republican chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee.While the momentum from the vote shows the growing support for the tax breaks that have helped some 22 million Americans have access to health insurance, the Senate would be under no requirement to take up the House bill and has already rejected it once before.Instead, a small group of senators from both parties has been working on an alternative plan that could find support in both chambers and become law. Senate Majority Leader John Thune, R-S.D., said that for any plan to find support in his chamber, it will need to have income limits to ensure that the financial aid is focused on those who most need the help. He and other Republicans also want to ensure that beneficiaries would have to at least pay a nominal amount for their coverage.Finally, Thune said there would need to be some expansion of health savings accounts, which allow people to save money and withdraw it tax-free as long as the money is spent on qualified medical expenses.GOP Sen. Bernie Moreno of Ohio, a leader in the group of about a dozen senators, said they hope to deliver a framework next week. He and others met with House colleagues on options.Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, D-N.H., who is part of the negotiations, said there is agreement on addressing fraud in health care.“We recognize that we have millions of people in this country who are going to lose are losing, have lost their health insurance because they can’t afford the premiums,” Shaheen said. “And so we’re trying to see if we can’t get to some agreement that’s going to help, and the sooner we can do that, the better.”Trump has pushed Republicans to send money directly to Americans for health savings accounts so they can bypass the federal government and handle insurance on their own. Democrats largely reject this idea as insufficient for covering the high costs of health care. Republicans go around their leaders The action by Republicans to force a vote has been an affront to Johnson and his leadership team, who essentially lost control of what comes to the House floor as the Republican lawmakers joined Democrats for the workaround.After last year’s government shutdown failed to resolve the issue, Johnson had discussed allowing more politically vulnerable GOP lawmakers a chance to vote on another health care bill that would temporarily extend the subsidies while also adding changes.But after days of discussions, Johnson and the GOP leadership sided with the more conservative wing, which has assailed the subsidies as propping up ACA, which they consider a failed government program. He offered a modest proposal of health care reforms that was approved, but has stalled.It was then that rank-and-file lawmakers took matters into their own hands, as many of their constituents faced soaring health insurance premiums beginning this month.Republican Reps. Brian Fitzpatrick, Robert Bresnahan and Ryan Mackenzie, all from Pennsylvania, and Mike Lawler of New York, signed the Democrats’ petition, pushing it to the magic number of 218 needed to force a House vote. All four represent key swing districts whose races will help determine which party takes charge of the House next year.Jeffries said in a celebratory press conference afterward that Thune should bring the Democratic bill to the Senate floor for an immediate vote. Trump encourages GOP to take on health care issue What started as a long shot effort by Democrats to offer a discharge petition has become a political vindication of the Democrats’ government shutdown strategy as they fought to preserve the health care funds.Democrats are making clear that the higher health insurance costs many Americans are facing will be a political centerpiece of their efforts to retake the majority in the House and Senate in the fall elections.Trump, during a lengthy speech this week to House GOP lawmakers, encouraged his party to take control of the health care debate an issue that has stymied Republicans since he tried, and failed, to repeal Obamacare during his first term. Associated Press writers Matt Brown and Steven Sloan contributed to this report. Lisa Mascaro and Kevin Freking, Associated Press
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E-Commerce
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